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DBMS > 4D vs. Ingres vs. Solr vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ingres vs. Solr vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWell established RDBMSA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache LuceneTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingressolr.apache.orggithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.actian.com/­ingressolr.apache.org/­resources.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
Developer4D, IncActian CorporationApache Software FoundationAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release19841974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20062012
Current releasev20, April 202311.2, May 20229.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fieldsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSolr Parallel SQL Interfaceno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesJava pluginsyes
Triggersyesyesyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationIngres Replicatoryesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduceyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDoptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIngresSolrTitan
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