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DBMS > 4D vs. Ingres vs. Manticore Search vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ingres vs. Manticore Search vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonManticore Search  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWell established RDBMSMulti-storage database for search, including full-text search.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engineDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsTime Series DBMS infousing the Manticore Columnar LibrarySpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#312  Overall
#21  Search engines
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresmanticoresearch.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.actian.com/­ingresmanual.manticoresearch.comlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
Developer4D, IncActian CorporationManticore SoftwareMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release19841974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201720141989
Current releasev20, April 202311.2, May 20226.0, February 2023SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schemaschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesInt, Bigint, Float, Timestamp, Bit, Int array, Bigint array, JSON, Booleanyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableCan index from XMLyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like query languageSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Binary API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP/SQL API
SQL over MySQL
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesuser defined functionsJavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
TriggersyesyesnoJavaScriptyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportedSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationIngres ReplicatorSynchronous replication based on Galera libraryyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyes infoisolated transactions for atomic changes and binary logging for safe writesMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Manticore index.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIngresManticore SearchMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft SQL Server
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