DBMS > 4D vs. InfluxDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. InfluxDB vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

DBMS for storing time series, events and metrics

Well established RDBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

with GEO package

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	24.39
Rank	#28	Overall
	#1	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.10
Rank	#357	Overall
	#51	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.influxdata.com/products/influxdb-overview

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.influxdata.com/influxdb

docs.actian.com/ingres

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

4D, Inc

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

STS Soft SC

Initial release

1984

2013

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1989

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.7.6, April 2024

11.2, May 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT-License; commercial enterprise version available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X

through Homebrew

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data and Strings

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP API
JSON over UDP

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

in enterprise version only

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

in enterprise version only

Ingres Replicator

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Depending on used storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

simple rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

Open source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.