DBMS > 4D vs. Immudb vs. Realm vs. SAP IQ vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Immudb vs. Realm vs. SAP IQ vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Columnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

column-oriented

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	7.41
Rank	#52	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Score	2.64
Rank	#108	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

realm.io

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-iq-big-data-management.html

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.immudb.io

realm.io/docs

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_IQ

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Codenotary

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

SAP, formerly Sybase

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

1984

2020

2014

1994

2000

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.2.3, April 2022

16.1 SPS04, April 2019

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like syntax

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

yes

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

shared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

SAP/Sybase Replication Server

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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