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DBMS > 4D vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 Event Store  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use casesNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSEvent Store
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#323  Overall
#2  Event Stores
#28  Time Series DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2-event-storewww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.postgresql.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2-event-storedoc.nuodb.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncIBMDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release1984201720131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1998
Current releasev20, April 20232.016.2, February 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree developer edition availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux infoLinux, macOS, Windows for the developer additionhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infothrough the embedded Spark runtimeyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesJava, SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.PL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationActive-active shard replicationyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infotunable commit protocolACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesNo - written data is immutableyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesYes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storageyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoTemporary tablenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionIBM Db2 Event StoreNuoDBPostgreSQLTimesTen
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