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DBMS > 4D vs. Hypertable vs. OrientDB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Hypertable vs. OrientDB vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.02
Rank#88  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
Score4.06
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comorientdb.orgwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.timescale.com
Developer4D, IncHypertable Inc.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPTimescale
Initial release1984200920102017
Current releasev20, April 20230.9.8.11, March 20163.2.29, March 20242.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query language, no joinsyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
C++ API
Thrift
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava, Javascriptuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
TriggersyesnoHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor on file system levelMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHypertableOrientDBTimescaleDB
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