DBMS > 4D vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

hsqldb.org

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1984

2001

2010

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.7.2, June 2023

V12

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

C++, Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java, SQL

Transact SQL

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

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Recent citations in the news

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

Introduction to JDBC with HSQLDB tutorial
14 November 2022, TheServerSide.com

provided by Google News

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27 March 2024, InfoQ.com

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2 November 2016, KDnuggets

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14 July 2014, Datanami

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7 April 2022, Embedded Computing Design

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17 August 2019, Open Source For You

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