DBMS > 4D vs. Hive vs. Oracle vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Hive vs. Oracle vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Widely used RDBMS

The SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Spatial DBMS

with Boeing's Spatial Query Server

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	36.31
Rank	#25	Overall
	#17	Relational DBMS

Score	1.44
Rank	#158	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

hive.apache.org

www.oracle.com/database

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-ase.html

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

docs.oracle.com/en/database

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_ASE

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Oracle

SAP, Sybase

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

1984

2012

1980

1987

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1.3, April 2022

23c, September 2023

16.0

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java, C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Java and Transact-SQL

Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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