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DBMS > 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Hazelcast vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak KV vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA widely adopted in-memory data gridWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.01
Rank#79  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comhazelcast.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latestdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncHazelcastPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release198420081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20091998
Current releasev20, April 20235.3.6, November 202316.3, May 20243.2.0, December 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageJavaCErlang
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesrestrictedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.ErlangPL/SQL
Triggersyesyes infoEventsyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infono "single point of failure"none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno infolinks between data sets can be storedyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, using Riak Securityfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHazelcastPostgreSQLRiak KVTimesTen
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