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DBMS > 4D vs. HEAVY.AI vs. MaxDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sqrrl

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HEAVY.AI vs. MaxDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sqrrl

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache Accumulo
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.77
Rank#141  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
maxdb.sap.comwww.postgresql.orgsqrrl.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.heavy.aimaxdb.sap.com/­documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncHEAVY.AI, Inc.SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.
Initial release1984201619841989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2012
Current releasev20, April 20235.10, January 20227.9.10.12, February 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ and CUDAC++CJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoRound robinnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infomaking use of Hadoop
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factor infomaking use of Hadoop
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entity
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022MaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DPostgreSQLSqrrl
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