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DBMS > 4D vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Raima Database Manager vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. HBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Raima Database Manager vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_Vista  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableFully managed big data interactive analytics platformRDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into an application or used as a database serverTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score30.50
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#259  Overall
#120  Relational DBMS
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comhbase.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerraima.compingcap.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.raima.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetMicrosoftRaima Inc.PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release19842008201919842016
Current releasev20, April 20232.3.4, January 2021cloud service with continuous releases15, June 20218.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaCGo, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
hostedAndroid
HP-UX
Integrity RTOS
iOS
Linux
OS X
QNX
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno infoExporting/Importing of XML structures possibleno
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Objective-C
PL/SQL
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoCoprocessors in JavaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes infobased on the ANSI/ISO SQL Persistent Stored Modules (PSM) specificationno
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)noACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHBaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_VistaTiDB
Specific characteristicsRaima Database Manager (RDM) is an embedded time-series database optimized to run...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantagesDecreased time-to-market Industry-standard interfaces & tools for making your job...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosTypical use cases include: Internet of Things (IoT) Embedded In-Memory Database Time-Series...
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersInfor, ABB, The Boeing Company, BAE Systems, Dow Jones, Dun & Bradstreet, Fujitsu,...
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Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metricsOver 30 000 applications developers worldwide have field-tested RDM products More...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
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Licensing and pricing modelsJust as the technical aspects of Raima Database Manager are flexible, so are the...
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TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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News

Raima Unveils RaimaDB 16.0: Elevating Database Performance and User Experience
29 February 2024

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v15, a Powerful Embedded Time Series Database
10 June 2021

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v14.2, a Powerful IoT Edge Embedded Database
8 October 2020

Raima Joins BlackBerry QNX Channel Partner Program to Deliver Safety-Critical and Secure Software Solutions
1 October 2020

Raima Expands Their Reseller Network in Asia
19 May 2020

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionHBaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_VistaTiDB
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