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DBMS > 4D vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. ObjectBox vs. PlanetScale

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. ObjectBox vs. PlanetScale

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonObjectBox  Xexclude from comparisonPlanetScale  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerLightweight, fast on-device database for IoT, Mobile and Embedded devices, persisting and synchronising objects and vectorsScalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of Vitess
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSObject oriented DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#179  Overall
#6  Object oriented DBMS
#9  Vector DBMS
Score1.09
Rank#178  Overall
#82  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasegithub.com/­objectbox
objectbox.io
planetscale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.objectbox.ioplanetscale.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncThomas MuellerMicrosoftObjectBox LimitedPlanetScale
Initial release19842005201020172020
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 2023V124.0 (May 2024)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercialBindings are released under Apache 2.0 infoApache License 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C and C++Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedAndroid
Any POSIX system
Docker
iOS
Linux
macOS
QNX
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, plus "flex" map-like typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyesnoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native APIADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Dart (Flutter)
Go
Java
Kotlin
Python
Swift
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQLnoyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, with always 3 replicas availableData sync between devices allowing occasional connected databases to work completely offlineMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionH2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureObjectBoxPlanetScale
News

MongoDB Realm & Device Sync alternatives – ObjectBox
17 September 2024

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11 September 2024

First on-device Vector Database (aka Semantic Index) for iOS
24 July 2024

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) with vector databases: Expanding AI Capabilities
18 June 2024

The on-device Vector Database for Android and Java
29 May 2024

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionH2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureObjectBoxPlanetScale
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