DBMS > 4D vs. GreptimeDB vs. HyperSQL vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GreptimeDB vs. HyperSQL vs. LevelDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiency

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.12
Rank	#351	Overall
	#34	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

greptime.com

hsqldb.org

github.com/google/leveldb

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.greptime.com

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

Developer

4D, Inc

Greptime Inc.

Google

Initial release

1984

2022

2001

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.7.2, June 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Rust

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Android
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Python

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Simple rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
» more

Competitive advantages

- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
» more

Typical application scenarios

For IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
» more

Key customers

Greptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more

Market metrics

GreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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