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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 Event Store  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Distributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use casesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeEvent Store
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score0.19
Rank#323  Overall
#2  Event Stores
#28  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.ibm.com/­products/­db2-event-storewww.postgresql.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestorewww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2-event-storewww.postgresql.org/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
Developer4D, IncGoogleIBMPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software Foundation
Initial release1984201720171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current releasev20, April 20232.016.3, May 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++CScala
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux infoLinux, macOS, Windows for the developer additionFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infothrough the embedded Spark runtimeyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyes, with Cloud Functionsnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationActive-active shard replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoUsing Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesNo - written data is immutableyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesYes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud FirestoreIBM Db2 Event StorePostgreSQLSpark SQL
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