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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Access vs. Oracle NoSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.In-memory JavaScript DBMSMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Document storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.44
Rank#256  Overall
#40  Document stores
Score93.76
Rank#12  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score3.07
Rank#86  Overall
#15  Document stores
#11  Key-value stores
#47  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accesswww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosql
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.html
Developer4D, IncGoogleMicrosoftOracle
Initial release19842015201419922011
Current releasev20, April 20231902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 201924.1, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Sourcecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficeOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScriptC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLsLinux
Solaris SPARC/x86
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JavaScript APIADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoView functions in JavaScriptyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineno
Triggersyesnoyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnonenoneElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyesnowith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)noneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID infobut no files for transaction loggingconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes infobut no files for transaction loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infooff heap cache
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nono infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Access rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud BigtableLokiJSMicrosoft AccessOracle NoSQL
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