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DBMS > 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostGIS vs. RisingWave

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostGIS vs. RisingWave

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonRisingWave  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSSpatial extension of PostgreSQLA distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score58.10
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score21.72
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#238  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverpostgis.netwww.risingwave.com/­database
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverpostgis.net/­documentationdocs.risingwave.com/­docs/­current/­intro
Developer4D, IncGoogleMicrosoftRisingWave Labs
Initial release19842010198920052022
Current releasev20, April 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20223.4.2, February 20241.2, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CRust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesStandard SQL-types and JSON
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functionsUDFs in Python or Java
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes infobased on PostgreSQL
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes infobased on PostgreSQL
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infobased on PostgreSQLUsers and Roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle BigQueryMicrosoft SQL ServerPostGISRisingWave
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