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DBMS > 4D vs. Geode vs. SpaceTime vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Geode vs. SpaceTime vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#133  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#396  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Score116.01
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgeode.apache.orgwww.mireo.com/­spacetimewww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgeode.apache.org/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
Developer4D, IncOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.MireoDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release1984200220202000
Current releasev20, April 20231.1, February 20173.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfirecommercialOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredLinuxserver-less
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (OQL)A subset of ANSI SQL is implementedyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C#
C++
Python
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnono
Triggersyesyes infoCache Event Listenersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingFixed-grid hypercubesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationReal-time block device replication (DRBD)none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights per client and object definableyesno

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3rd partiesNavicat for SQLite is a powerful and comprehensive SQLite GUI that provides a complete set of functions for database management and development.
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGeodeSpaceTimeSQLite
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