DBMS > 4D vs. Geode vs. LMDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Geode vs. LMDB vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.86
Rank	#134	Overall
	#24	Key-value stores

Score	2.09
Rank	#121	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

geode.apache.org

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

geode.apache.org/docs

www.lmdb.tech/doc

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Symas

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2002

2011

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.1, February 2017

0.9.32, January 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (OQL)

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights per client and object definable

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