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DBMS > 4D vs. Geode vs. Kdb vs. SpaceTime vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Geode vs. Kdb vs. SpaceTime vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesHigh performance Time Series DBMSSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgeode.apache.orgkx.comwww.mireo.com/­spacetimewww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgeode.apache.org/­docscode.kx.comdocs.timescale.com
Developer4D, IncOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcMireoTimescale
Initial release198420022000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 200320202017
Current releasev20, April 20231.1, February 20173.6, May 20182.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfirecommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaqC++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infotable attribute 'grouped'noyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (OQL)SQL-like query language (q)A subset of ANSI SQL is implementedyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
C#
C++
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsuser defined functionsnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesyes infoCache Event Listenersyes infowith viewsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioningFixed-grid hypercubesyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationReal-time block device replication (DRBD)Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodenonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights per client and object definablerights management via user accountsyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGeodeKdbSpaceTimeTimescaleDB
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGeodeKdbSpaceTimeTimescaleDB
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