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DBMS > 4D vs. Geode vs. Kdb vs. Neo4j vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Geode vs. Kdb vs. Neo4j vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesHigh performance Time Series DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMSSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgeode.apache.orgkx.comneo4j.comwww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgeode.apache.org/­docscode.kx.comneo4j.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcNeo4j, Inc.Mireo
Initial release198420022000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 200320072020
Current releasev20, April 20231.1, February 20173.6, May 20185.20, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfirecommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaqJava, ScalaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (OQL)SQL-like query language (q)noA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsuser defined functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersyesyes infoCache Event Listenersyes infowith viewsyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioningyes using Neo4j FabricFixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodenoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights per client and object definablerights management via user accountsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGeodeKdbNeo4jSpaceTime
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
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Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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