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DBMS > 4D vs. GBase vs. HEAVY.AI vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GBase vs. HEAVY.AI vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDFox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score1.77
Rank#141  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.gbase.cngithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.postgresql.orgwww.oxfordsemantic.tech
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.heavy.aiwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
Developer4D, IncGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.HEAVY.AI, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOxford Semantic Technologies
Initial release1984200420161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2017
Current releasev20, April 2023GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c5.10, January 202216.3, May 20246.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, Java, PythonC++ and CUDACC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoRDF schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Standard with numerous extensionsyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding infoRound robinpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsreplication via a shared file system
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access types

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGBaseHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022PostgreSQLRDFox
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