DBMS > 4D vs. Ehcache vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hawkular Metrics

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ehcache vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hawkular Metrics

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A widely adopted Java cache with tiered storage options

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.64
Rank	#68	Overall
	#8	Key-value stores

Score	2.84
Rank	#100	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#366	Overall
	#39	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.ehcache.org

cloud.google.com/spanner

www.hawkular.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.ehcache.org/documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide

Developer

4D, Inc

Terracotta Inc, owned by Software AG

Google

Community supported by Red Hat

Initial release

1984

2009

2017

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.10.0, March 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JCache

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Go
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

via Hawkular Alerting

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

by using Terracotta Server

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

by using Terracotta Server

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Tunable Consistency (Strong, Eventual, Weak)

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

supports JTA and can work as an XA resource

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using a tiered cache-storage approach

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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