DBMS > 4D vs. Ehcache vs. Google BigQuery vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Ehcache vs. Google BigQuery vs. QuestDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A widely adopted Java cache with tiered storage options

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A high performance open source SQL database for time series data

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.89
Rank	#67	Overall
	#8	Key-value stores

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	2.52
Rank	#109	Overall
	#9	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.ehcache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

questdb.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.ehcache.org/documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

questdb.io/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Terracotta Inc, owned by Software AG

Google

QuestDB Technology Inc

Initial release

1984

2009

2010

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.10.0, March 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL with time-series extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JCache

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

PostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

over HTTP

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

by using Terracotta Server

none

horizontal partitioning (by timestamps)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

by using Terracotta Server

Source-replica replication with eventual consistency

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Tunable Consistency (Strong, Eventual, Weak)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

supports JTA and can work as an XA resource

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID for single-table writes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using a tiered cache-storage approach

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

through memory mapped files

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Competitive advantages

High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
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Typical application scenarios

Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more

Key customers

Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more

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