DBMS > 4D vs. EXASOL vs. MariaDB vs. SQream DB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EXASOL vs. MariaDB vs. SQream DB vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

a GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloads

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.76
Rank	#139	Overall
	#62	Relational DBMS

Score	91.04
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#224	Overall
	#103	Relational DBMS

Score	1.52
Rank	#153	Overall
	#6	Vector DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.exasol.com

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

sqream.com

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.exasol.com/resources

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

docs.sqream.com

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Developer

4D, Inc

Exasol

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

SQream Technologies

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

1984

2000

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2017

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

11.3.2, February 2024

2022.1.6, December 2022

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

commercial

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

yes

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, ANSI Standard SQL Types

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

.Net
JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java
Lua
Python
R

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

user defined functions in Python

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

horizontal and vertical partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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All companies that have data.
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Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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