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DBMS > 4D vs. EJDB vs. LevelDB vs. TinkerGraph vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EJDB vs. LevelDB vs. TinkerGraph vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonEJDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemEmbeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APITitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.27
Rank#297  Overall
#44  Document stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldbtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlingithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdb/­blob/­master/­README.mdgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
Developer4D, IncSoftmotionsGoogleAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release19842012201120092012
Current releasev20, April 20231.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-lessIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, integer, double, bool, date, object_idnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesnononoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nononono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
in-process shared libraryTinkerPop 3Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Groovy
Java
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononoyes
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonenoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnonenonenoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infotypically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possiblenoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoRead/Write Lockingyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesoptionalyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnononoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionEJDBLevelDBTinkerGraphTitan
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