DBMS > 4D vs. Drizzle vs. MariaDB vs. Quasardb vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Drizzle vs. MariaDB vs. Quasardb vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

MySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

Distributed, high-performance timeseries database

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	93.21
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	0.14
Rank	#332	Overall
	#29	Time Series DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

quasar.ai

trino.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

doc.quasar.ai/master

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

4D, Inc

Drizzle project, originally started by Brian Aker

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

quasardb

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

1984

2008

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2009

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.2.4, September 2012

11.3.2, February 2024

3.14.1, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GNU GPL

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

commercial

Free community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

integer and binary

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

with tags

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

HTTP API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C++
Java
PHP

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

hooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

consistent hashing

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication with selectable replication factor

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

by using LevelDB

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

Transient mode

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Pluggable authentication mechanisms

e.g. LDAP, HTTP

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Cryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.