DBMS > 4D vs. DolphinDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. mSQL vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DolphinDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. mSQL vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

DolphinDB is a high performance Time Series DBMS. It is integrated with an easy-to-use fully featured programming language and a high-volume high-velocity streaming analytics system. It offers operational simplicity, scalability, fault tolerance, and concurrency.

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.13
Rank	#80	Overall
	#6	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.77
Rank	#141	Overall
	#65	Relational DBMS

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.dolphindb.com

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

www.postgresql.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.dolphindb.cn/en/help200/index.html

docs.heavy.ai

www.postgresql.org/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

DolphinDB, Inc

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

Hughes Technologies

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Initial release

1984

2018

2016

1994

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

Current release

v20, April 2023

v2.00.4, January 2022

5.10, January 2022

4.4, October 2021

16.3, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free community version available

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C++ and CUDA

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
JSON over HTTP
Kafka
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
OPC DA
OPC UA
RabbitMQ
WebSocket

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
MatLab
Python
R
Rust

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Round robin

none

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Administrators, Users, Groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

3rd parties

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Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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