DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Oracle vs. Riak TS vs. Tibero

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Oracle vs. Riak TS vs. Tibero

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Riak TS is a distributed NoSQL database optimized for time series data and based on Riak KV

A secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.20
Rank	#319	Overall
	#27	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.78
Rank	#140	Overall
	#64	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

dgraph.io

www.oracle.com/database

us.tmaxsoft.com/products/tibero

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

dgraph.io/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/ts/latest

technet.tmaxsoft.com/upload/download/online/tibero/pver-20150504-000002/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Oracle

Open Source, formerly Basho Technologies

TmaxSoft

Initial release

1984

2016

1980

2015

2003

Current release

v20, April 2023

23c, September 2023

3.0.0, September 2022

6, April 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Erlang

C and Assembler

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes, limited

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Erlang

Persistent Stored Procedure (PSM)

Triggers

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

by range, hash, list or composite

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

links between datasets can be stored

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

planned for next version

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)

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