DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#379	Overall
	#40	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.04
Rank	#360	Overall
	#52	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

dgraph.io

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.hawkular.org

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

dgraph.io/docs

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide

Developer

4D, Inc

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Community supported by Red Hat

STS Soft SC

Initial release

1984

2016

2008

2014

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (GQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP REST

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
Python
Ruby

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

using Google App Engine

Triggers

yes

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

via Hawkular Alerting

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding

based on Cassandra

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication using Paxos

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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