DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PouchDB vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PouchDB vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.34
Rank	#112	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	0.10
Rank	#357	Overall
	#51	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.datomic.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

pouchdb.com

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.datomic.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

pouchdb.com/guides

Developer

4D, Inc

Cognitect

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

STS Soft SC

Initial release

1984

2012

1989

2012

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.0.7075, December 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

7.1.1, June 2019

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

JavaScript

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
Java

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

JavaScript

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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