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DBMS > 4D vs. CrateDB vs. MongoDB vs. Titan vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CrateDB vs. MongoDB vs. Titan vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonMongoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed Database based on LuceneOne of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructureTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document storeGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Search engine infointegrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.
Time Series DBMS infoTime Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0
Vector DBMS infocurrently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#227  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#9  Vector DBMS
Score421.08
Rank#5  Overall
#1  Document stores
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comcratedb.comwww.mongodb.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titanvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcratedb.com/­docswww.mongodb.com/­docs/­manualgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikidocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Developer4D, IncCrateMongoDB, IncAurelius, owned by DataStaxOpenLink Software
Initial release19842013200920121998
Current releasev20, April 20236.0.7, June 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoMongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available.Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono infoMongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas)nono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
  • MongoDB Flex @ STACKIT offers managed MongoDB Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
  • MongoDB Atlas: Global multi-cloud database with unmatched data distribution and mobility across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, built-in automation for resource and workload optimization, and so much more.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-free infoAlthough schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema.yesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatialyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityRead-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interfacenoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
HTTP REST
Prisma
proprietary protocol using JSON
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
Actionscript infounofficial driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure infounofficial driver
ColdFusion infounofficial driver
D infounofficial driver
Dart infounofficial driver
Delphi infounofficial driver
Erlang
Go
Groovy infounofficial driver
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Lisp infounofficial driver
Lua infounofficial driver
MatLab infounofficial driver
Perl
PHP
PowerShell infounofficial driver
Prolog infounofficial driver
Python
R infounofficial driver
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Smalltalk infounofficial driver
Swift
Clojure
Java
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions (Javascript)JavaScriptyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesnoyes infoin MongoDB Atlas onlyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoPartitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime.yes infovia pluggable storage backendsyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelMulti-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters
Source-replica replication
yesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Eventual Consistency infocan be individually decided for each read operation
Immediate Consistency infodefault behaviour
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infotypically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possibleyes infoRelationships in graphyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyMulti-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infooptional, enabled by defaultyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoIn-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2yes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsrights management via user accountsAccess rights for users and rolesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCrateDBMongoDBTitanVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
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MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate...
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Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
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Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer...
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Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
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AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of...
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Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
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ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
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Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more
MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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