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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. KeyDB vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. KeyDB vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value storeGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orggithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
www.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.keydb.devdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.8Kdata
Initial release19842005201920172016
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSD-3commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC++C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnopartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyes infoby using the Redis Search module
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIProprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptLuayes
Triggersyesyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasesimple password-based access control and ACLRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"KeyDBTigerGraphToroDB
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