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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. H2 vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. H2 vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.h2database.comhive.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Home
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerThomas MuellerApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookLeanXcale
Initial release19842005200520122015
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20232.2.220, July 20233.1.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infothrough Apache Derby
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
JavaC++
Java
PHP
Python
C
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduce
Triggersyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0noneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"H2HiveLeanXcale
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