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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Graph Engine vs. LeanXcale

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. Graph Engine vs. LeanXcale

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.graphengine.iowww.leanxcale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manual
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftLeanXcale
Initial release19842013200520102015
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Erlang.NET and C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
.NET
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyes infothrough Apache Derby
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptyes
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoatomic operations within a single document possiblenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per database

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityLeanXcale
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