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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Memgraph vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Memgraph vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.02
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbmemgraph.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stableapple.github.io/­foundationdbmemgraph.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerFoundationDBMemgraph LtdOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842005201320171998
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20236.2.28, November 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC++C and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnono infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nosupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptin SQL-layer onlyPL/SQL
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingSharding infodynamic graph partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoin SQL-layer onlyyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenoUsers, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"FoundationDBMemgraphTimesTen
Specific characteristicsMemgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
Competitive advantagesBusiness Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
Typical application scenariosGraph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsYou can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"FoundationDBMemgraphTimesTen
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