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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Firebird vs. Ingres vs. LeanXcale

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Firebird vs. Ingres vs. LeanXcale

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseWell established RDBMSA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.leanxcale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.actian.com/­ingres
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerFirebird FoundationActian CorporationLeanXcale
Initial release198420052000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2015
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20235.0.0, January 202411.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC and C++C
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyesyes infothrough Apache Derby
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptPSQLyes
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0nonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationIngres Replicator
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"FirebirdIngresLeanXcale
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