DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. EXASOL vs. SwayDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. EXASOL vs. SwayDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

An embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storage

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	9.30
Rank	#45	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	1.99
Rank	#124	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#382	Overall
	#59	Key-value stores

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

www.exasol.com/resources

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Exasol

Simer Plaha

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1984

2005

2000

2018

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.3.3, December 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

GNU Affero GPL V3.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Erlang

Scala

Clojure

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

Java
Lua
Python
R

Java
Kotlin
Scala

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Atomic execution of operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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More resources

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