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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. DuckDB vs. HarperDB vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. DuckDB vs. HarperDB vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSUltra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgduckdb.orgwww.harperdb.iorethinkdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stableduckdb.org/­docsdocs.harperdb.io/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerHarperDBThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release19842005201820172009
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20230.10, February 20243.1, August 20212.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangC++Node.jsC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-lessLinux
OS X
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesdynamic schemaschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infoJSON data typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesSQL-like data manipulation statementsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptnoCustom Functions infosince release 3.1
TriggersyesyesnonoClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0noneA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, using LMDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenoAccess rights for users and rolesyes infousers and table-level permissions

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DuckDBHarperDBRethinkDB
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