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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Tigris vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Tigris vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTigris  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA horizontally scalable, ACID transactional, document database available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructureA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.02
Rank#369  Overall
#51  Document stores
#55  Key-value stores
#24  Search engines
#38  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.tigrisdata.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlwww.tigrisdata.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsApache Software FoundationTigris Data, Inc.8Kdata
Initial release19842015201420222016
Current releasev20, April 202323.1.1, May 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoScalaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
CLI Client
gRPC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Java
Python
R
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonono
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTyes, utilizing Spark CoreShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTnoneyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, using FoundationDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlnoAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBSpark SQLTigrisToroDB
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