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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Oracle Rdb vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Oracle Rdb vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Widely used in-process key-value storeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#184  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.html
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)8Kdata
Initial release19842015199419842016
Current releasev20, April 202323.1.1, May 202318.1.40, May 20207.4.1.1, 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infocommercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
HP Open VMSAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono
Triggersyesnoyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDyes, on a single nodeno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBOracle Berkeley DBOracle RdbToroDB
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