DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Datastax Enterprise vs. ToroDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Datastax Enterprise vs. ToroDB vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

DataStax Enterprise (DSE) is the always-on, scalable data platform built on Apache Cassandra and designed for hybrid Cloud. DSE integrates graph, search, analytics, administration, developer tooling, and monitoring into a unified platform.

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	5.80
Rank	#60	Overall
	#4	Wide column stores

Score	1.44
Rank	#158	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.datastax.com/products/datastax-enterprise

github.com/torodb/server

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

docs.datastax.com

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Cockroach Labs

DataStax

8Kdata

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

1984

2015

2011

2016

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

23.1.1, May 2023

6.8, April 2020

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Datastax Astra DB: Astra DB simplifies cloud-native Cassandra application development for your apps, microservices and functions. Deploy in minutes on AWS, Google Cloud, Azure, and have it managed for you by the experts, with serverless, pay-as-you-go pricing.

Implementation language

Java

Java, C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL); Spark SQL

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language)
TinkerPop Gremlin

with DSE Graph

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

configurable replication factor, datacenter aware, advanced replication for edge computing

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency
Tunable Consistency

consistency level can be individually decided with each write operation

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Role-based access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access rights for users and roles

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

DataStax Enterprise is scale-out data infrastructure for enterprises that need to...
» more

Competitive advantages

Supporting the following application requirements: Zero downtime - Built on Apache...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Applications that must be massively and linearly scalable with 100% uptime and able...
» more

Key customers

Capital One, Cisco, Comcast, eBay, McDonald's, Microsoft, Safeway, Sony, UBS, and...
» more

Market metrics

Among the Forbes 100 Most Innovative Companies, DataStax is trusted by 5 of the top...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Annual subscription
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

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