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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. CouchDB vs. LeanXcale

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. CouchDB vs. LeanXcale

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stable
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerLeanXcale
Initial release19842013201520052015
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 202223.1.1, May 20233.3.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoErlang
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesdynamic schemaschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoyes infothrough Apache Derby
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
JDBCRESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoView functions in JavaScript
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlAccess rights for users can be defined per database

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaCockroachDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"LeanXcale
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