DBMS > 4D vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. H2 vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. H2 vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Distributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use cases

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Event Store
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.39
Rank	#274	Overall
	#39	Key-value stores

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#309	Overall
	#2	Event Stores
	#28	Time Series DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.cloudflare.com/developer-platform/workers-kv

www.h2database.com

www.ibm.com/products/db2-event-store

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

developers.cloudflare.com/kv/api

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2-event-store

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Cloudflare

Thomas Mueller

IBM

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

1984

2018

2005

2017

2000

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

2.0

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Linux, macOS, Windows for the developer addition

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

through the embedded Spark runtime

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala

Java

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Active-active shard replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

No - written data is immutable

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Yes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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