DBMS > 4D vs. ClickHouse vs. MariaDB vs. OpenSearch vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. ClickHouse vs. MariaDB vs. OpenSearch vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

RDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	15.55
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	91.04
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	16.03
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	3.95
Rank	#80	Overall
	#42	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

clickhouse.com

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sql-anywhere.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

clickhouse.com/docs

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

opensearch.org/docs/latest

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_SQL_Anywhere

Developer

4D, Inc

Clickhouse Inc.

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Amazon Web Services

SAP

formerly Sybase

Initial release

1984

2016

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2021

1992

Current release

v20, April 2023

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

11.3.2, February 2024

2.5.0, January 2023

17, July 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

yes

yes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

key based and custom

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Source-replica replication

Database mirroring

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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