DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. Immudb vs. jBASE

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. Immudb vs. jBASE

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

A robust multi-value DBMS comprising development tools and middleware

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Multivalue DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	1.49
Rank	#156	Overall
	#3	Multivalue DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.citusdata.com

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-jbase

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.citusdata.com

docs.immudb.io

docs.rocketsoftware.com/bundle?labelkey=jbase_5.9

Developer

4D, Inc

Codenotary

Rocket Software (formerly Zumasys)

Initial release

1984

2010

2020

1991

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.1, December 2018

1.2.3, April 2022

5.7

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

SQL-like syntax

Embedded SQL for jBASE in BASIC

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Basic
Jabbascript
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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