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DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. Immudb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. Immudb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.citusdata.comdocs.immudb.io
Developer4D, IncCodenotary
Initial release198420102020
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20181.2.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCGo
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like syntax
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusImmudb
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