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DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. Geode vs. KeyDB vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. Geode vs. KeyDB vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score5.60
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.citusdata.comgeode.apache.orggithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
www.singlestore.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.citusdata.comgeode.apache.org/­docsdocs.keydb.devdocs.singlestore.com
Developer4D, IncOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.EQ Alpha Technology Ltd.SingleStore Inc.
Initial release19842010200220192013
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20181.1, February 20178.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as GemfireOpen Source infoBSD-3commercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities
Implementation languageCJavaC++C++, Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredLinuxLinux info64 bit version required
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (OQL)noyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoCluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsLuayes
Triggersyesyesyes infoCache Event Listenersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardingSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyes, on a single nodeOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights per client and object definablesimple password-based access control and ACLFine grained access control via users, groups and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusGeodeKeyDBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
Specific characteristicsSingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Competitive advantagesSingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenariosDriving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Key customersIEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more
Market metricsCustomers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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Licensing and pricing modelsF ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusGeodeKeyDBSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
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