DBMS > 4D vs. Cachelot.io vs. RethinkDB vs. SQLite vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cachelot.io vs. RethinkDB vs. SQLite vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

In-memory caching system

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores

Score	2.74
Rank	#105	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

rethinkdb.com/docs

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

4D, Inc

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Dwayne Richard Hipp

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2015

2009

2000

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.4.1, August 2020

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Simplified BSD License

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Memcached protocol

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

range based

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-document operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC based

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

users and table-level permissions

Access rights for users and roles

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