DBMS > 4D vs. BoltDB vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BoltDB vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	0.55
Rank	#248	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/boltdb/bolt

www.harperdb.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.harperdb.io/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

4D, Inc

HarperDB

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1984

2013

2017

1989

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1, August 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

free community edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Node.js

C++

C++, Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

dynamic schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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