DB-EnginesExtremeDB: mitigate connectivity issues in a DBMSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. Oracle Rdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBigchainDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemBigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assetsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.79
Rank#212  Overall
#36  Document stores
Score1.08
Rank#184  Overall
#85  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.60
Rank#107  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.bigchaindb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.htmlwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.combigchaindb.readthedocs.io/­en/­latestwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.tdengine.com
Developer4D, IncOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release1984201619841989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current releasev20, April 20237.4.1.1, 202116.3, May 20243.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL v3commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languagePythonCC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxHP Open VMSFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyesyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodeACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBigchainDBOracle RdbPostgreSQLTDengine
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
News

What Is Predictive Maintenance?
17 May 2024

Can Typical Time-Series Databases Replace Data Historians?
8 May 2024

TDengine 3.3.0.0 Release Notes
7 May 2024

How to Unlock Value from Industrial Data with AI and ML Technology
6 May 2024

Compare InfluxDB vs. TDengine
19 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more

pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBigchainDBOracle RdbPostgreSQLTDengine
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

Recent citations in the news

Exploring the 10 BEST Python Libraries for Blockchain Applications
9 September 2023, DataDrivenInvestor

Using BigchainDB: A Database with Blockchain Characteristics
20 January 2022, Open Source For You

Blockchain Database Startup BigchainDB Raises €3 Million
27 September 2016, CoinDesk

ascribe announces scalable blockchain database BigchainDB - CoinReport
13 February 2016, CoinReport

7 blockchain firms join Bosch led GAIA-X consortium for vehicle identity
13 September 2022, Ledger Insights

provided by Google News

Oracle Adds New AI-Enabling Features To MySQL HeatWave
23 March 2023, Forbes

Should we all consolidate databases for the storage benefits? Reg vultures deploy DevOps, zoos, haircuts
18 September 2020, The Register

2013 Data Science Salary Survey – O'Reilly
4 May 2013, oreilly.com

provided by Google News

At Build, Microsoft Fabric, PostgreSQL and Cosmos DB get AI enhancements
21 May 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Nutanix partners with EDB to fit database service for AI – Blocks and Files
21 May 2024, Blocks & Files

Nutanix and EDB Partner to Deliver a Modern Data Platform
21 May 2024, Business Wire

Let PostgreSQL Pick An Index For You
20 May 2024, iProgrammer

Continuously replicate Amazon DynamoDB changes to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL using AWS Lambda | Amazon ...
14 May 2024, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

TDengine named Top Global Industrial Data Management Solution
4 January 2024, IT Brief Australia

New TDengine Benchmark Results Show Up to 37.0x Higher Query Performance Than InfluxDB and TimescaleDB
28 February 2023, Yahoo Finance

Comparing Different Time-Series Databases
10 February 2022, hackernoon.com

MindsDB is now the leading and fastest growing applied ML platform in the world India - English
3 November 2022, PR Newswire

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

SingleStore logo

The database to transact, analyze and contextualize your data in real time.
Try it today.

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Present your product here